Cardano Founder Refutes Vitalik: Lattice-Based Cryptography Should Not Be Abandoned Over AI Concerns
50 minutes ago
Cardano founder Charles Hoskinson has published a post refuting Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin’s views on post-quantum cryptography shared two days ago. Buterin argued that AI-driven advances in mathematical research could weaken the concrete security of lattice-based cryptography (including ML-DSA and FHE), adding that Ethereum’s lean roadmap is shifting to pure hash signatures as a result. He also recommended roughly doubling the key length for lattice-based schemes, and advised privacy protocols to place encrypted notes off-chain as much as possible. Hoskinson countered that this judgment lacks verifiable attacks and cost models. He noted that number field sieve methods cannot be simply analogized to lattice problems; the parameters of ML-KEM and ML-DSA have already accounted for decades of sieve and enumeration attacks, and quantum attacks on ideal lattices have not yet affected current modular lattice schemes. On the contrary, hashes like Ethereum’s Poseidon have stronger algebraic structures. Hoskinson further argued that abandoning the already deployed hybrid ML-KEM before any attacks emerge would instead keep traffic on classical cryptography longer, exacerbating the "steal now, decrypt later" risk.
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